5G-R, the full name of which is 5G-Railway, is a new generation of Railway mobile communication system based on 5G technology. It is a dedicated 5G network of China State Railway Group, specifically designed to meet the operational and management needs of railway communication, and serves as a communication system used within the railway.
Definition and Background
Definition: 5G-R is a 5G technology specifically designed for the railway transportation industry. It belongs to a Private Network communication system and is completely independent and isolated from the Public Network communication systems of operators such as China Mobile, China Telecom, and China Unicom where passengers are connected to the Internet.
Background: With the development of high-speed railways and the increasing demand for services such as the Internet of Things and video surveillance in railway wireless systems, the traditional GSM-R system based on 2G technology can no longer meet the development needs of modern railways. Therefore, 5G-R emerged as a more advanced communication technology, aiming to promote the high-quality development of the railway communication industry.
Technical features
Ultra-high bandwidth: 5G-R, based on 5G technology, features ultra-high bandwidth and is capable of meeting the high-bandwidth communication demands after the digital transformation of railways.
Ultra-low latency: The ultra-low latency feature of 5G-R is crucial for ensuring the safety of railway operations and can support real-time communication of key services such as train control and command and dispatch.
Massive connections: 5G-R supports massive connections and can meet the communication needs of numerous devices and systems along the railway line.
Network slicing and edge computing: 5G-R supports services such as network slicing and edge computing, which can provide quality of service guarantee for key railway businesses and improve the safety and efficiency of railway operations.
Application scenarios
Train control: The 5G-R system can carry out core services such as train control for future railways, especially high-speed railways, ensuring the safety and smoothness of train operation.
Command and dispatch communication: 5G-R supports railway command and dispatch communication, enabling real-time communication and information sharing between trains and the dispatch center.
Internet of Things and Video Surveillance: With the increase in business demands such as the Internet of Things and video surveillance, 5G-R can provide stable communication support to meet the needs of railway informatization, digitalization and intelligence.
Current development status and future trends
Current development status: At present, the operating frequency band of 5G-R in China is 2100MHz, specifically including 1965MHz-1975MHz for uplink and 2155MHz-2165MHz for downlink, each with a frequency of 10MHz, and it adopts the FDD system. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has approved the test frequency of the new generation of railway mobile communication system (5G-R) based on 5G technology to China State Railway Group Co., LTD., supporting it to carry out field technical tests of the 5G-R system.
Future trend: It is expected that by 2030, 5G-R will replace GSM-R and become the mainstream technology for railway wireless communication systems. With the deployment of 5G-R networks and the expansion of application scenarios, the railway industry will usher in a new era of greater intelligence and efficiency.
5G-R is a new generation of mobile communication system for railways based on 5G technology. It features ultra-high bandwidth, ultra-low latency and massive connections, and is capable of carrying the core services of future railways and meeting their communication requirements. With the continuous development of technology and the expansion of application scenarios, 5G-R will bring more convenience and benefits to the railway industry.
